http://digbig.com/4mfaq
Chad Skelton
"RCMP media relations officers in B.C. should consider being less helpful to reporters in an effort to reduce the number of crime stories in the media, an internal RCMP report obtained by The Vancouver Sun recommends. The report, prepared last year by the Mounties' B.C. communications section, argues the public has an irrational fear of crime, mainly due to the large number of crime stories in newspapers and newscasts. Those stories, the report found, are often sparked by RCMP news releases or comments from officers. ''The research indicates that public comments made by RCMP media spokespeople although well meaning may actually be contributing to fear of crime rather than reducing such fear,'' it states." [Crime & Criminals; Police; Psychology]
SOCIETY, SOCIAL MEDIA, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE< GOVERNMENT>JUSTICE - a selective newsfeed
society
Thursday, August 03, 2006
Defensive devices designed to blend in with New York / USA TODAY
http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2006-07-31-ny-security_x.htm
Martha T. Moore
" In the neighborhood hit by the Sept. 11 attacks, strategies against terrorism have names like "ha-has," Tiger Trap and NOGOs. They are new security features that incorporate protection with architectural design, a step beyond bollards and barricades. Outside the New York Mercantile Exchange, where oil and gold are traded just west of Ground Zero, a long row of bollards will be replaced this fall by a sidewalk punctuated with benches that will conceal a security device called a Tiger Trap: Just below a layer of paving stones is a trench filled with low-density, compressible concrete that will collapse under a heavy weight."
ACROSS THE USA: Redesigns mask security barriers [Arch & Bldg; Counter-terrorism]
Martha T. Moore
" In the neighborhood hit by the Sept. 11 attacks, strategies against terrorism have names like "ha-has," Tiger Trap and NOGOs. They are new security features that incorporate protection with architectural design, a step beyond bollards and barricades. Outside the New York Mercantile Exchange, where oil and gold are traded just west of Ground Zero, a long row of bollards will be replaced this fall by a sidewalk punctuated with benches that will conceal a security device called a Tiger Trap: Just below a layer of paving stones is a trench filled with low-density, compressible concrete that will collapse under a heavy weight."
ACROSS THE USA: Redesigns mask security barriers [Arch & Bldg; Counter-terrorism]
Stop and search in 2004: a survey of police officer views and experiences
International Journal of Police Science and Management, Volume: 8 Issue: 2 Summer 2006, Page(s): 83-103
PDF - http://www.atypon-link.com/VAT/doi/pdf/10.1350/ijps.2006.8.2.83
Faiza Qureshi ; Graham Farrell
"The capacity to stop and search citizens is a key part of the police crime reduction repertoire. This study presents findings from a survey of all police officers at one police station in a southern English town in July 2004, looking at stop and search experiences plus a glimpse at officer views on the Criminal Justice Act 2003. The Act introduced a ‘major extension to the existing powers of stop and search’ (Home Office (as cited in Keogh, 2004)). However, fewer than half of officers reported having received any formal training on the changes to stop and search procedure, and fewer than 40 per cent of officers believed that changes introduced by the Criminal Justice Act 2003 had made stop and search ‘better’ from their perspective. Overall, and consistent with other research, a small proportion of officers made a disproportionate amount of each of stops, searches and arrests, which could have implications for training and resource allocation. Suggestions are made for further research to examine the impact of the Criminal Justice Act 2003 upon police stops and searches, and for research to examine crime reduction effectiveness." [Sub Required]
PDF - http://www.atypon-link.com/VAT/doi/pdf/10.1350/ijps.2006.8.2.83
Faiza Qureshi ; Graham Farrell
"The capacity to stop and search citizens is a key part of the police crime reduction repertoire. This study presents findings from a survey of all police officers at one police station in a southern English town in July 2004, looking at stop and search experiences plus a glimpse at officer views on the Criminal Justice Act 2003. The Act introduced a ‘major extension to the existing powers of stop and search’ (Home Office (as cited in Keogh, 2004)). However, fewer than half of officers reported having received any formal training on the changes to stop and search procedure, and fewer than 40 per cent of officers believed that changes introduced by the Criminal Justice Act 2003 had made stop and search ‘better’ from their perspective. Overall, and consistent with other research, a small proportion of officers made a disproportionate amount of each of stops, searches and arrests, which could have implications for training and resource allocation. Suggestions are made for further research to examine the impact of the Criminal Justice Act 2003 upon police stops and searches, and for research to examine crime reduction effectiveness." [Sub Required]
Unravelling the ‘Velcro Effect’: Is deterring assaults against the police indicative of a more aggressive style of policing?
International Journal of Police Science and Management
PDF - http://www.atypon-link.com/VAT/doi/pdf/10.1350/ijps.2006.8.2.133
John .W. Buttle
"The ‘Velcro Effect’ was proposed to explain how the mere threat of using incapacitant sprays deterred assaults against the police (Kaminski, Edwards, & Johnson, 1998). The deterrent capabilities of CS spray were used to legitimise its deployment against a background of critical media coverage. However, what Kaminski et al. failed to consider is that batons — and the police uniform — also deter assaults against the police. This suggests an alternative explanation for the ability to deter assaults against the police that centres on the actions of police officers rather than the characteristics ascribed to any single weapon. Based on a study of officers in one of the 43 police forces in England and Wales, this article argues that it is the officer's ability to appear competent and ready to fight that deters would-be assailants. Furthermore, it is argued that in order to deter would-be assailants, police officers have to adopt an aggressive demeanour that is far removed from that of the traditional image associated with routine policing in England and Wales." [Sub Required]
PDF - http://www.atypon-link.com/VAT/doi/pdf/10.1350/ijps.2006.8.2.133
John .W. Buttle
"The ‘Velcro Effect’ was proposed to explain how the mere threat of using incapacitant sprays deterred assaults against the police (Kaminski, Edwards, & Johnson, 1998). The deterrent capabilities of CS spray were used to legitimise its deployment against a background of critical media coverage. However, what Kaminski et al. failed to consider is that batons — and the police uniform — also deter assaults against the police. This suggests an alternative explanation for the ability to deter assaults against the police that centres on the actions of police officers rather than the characteristics ascribed to any single weapon. Based on a study of officers in one of the 43 police forces in England and Wales, this article argues that it is the officer's ability to appear competent and ready to fight that deters would-be assailants. Furthermore, it is argued that in order to deter would-be assailants, police officers have to adopt an aggressive demeanour that is far removed from that of the traditional image associated with routine policing in England and Wales." [Sub Required]
Psychological profiling of Australian police officers: a longitudinal examination of post-selection performance
International Journal of Police Science and Management, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, Summer 2006, Page(s): 143-152
PDF - http://www.atypon-link.com/VAT/doi/pdf/10.1350/ijps.2006.8.2.143
Jonathan Lough ; Michael Ryan
"The current study expands upon the work of Lough and Ryan (2005). The performance of two groups of Tasmania Police employees (all of whom were constables or probationary constables) was evaluated after their first two years of training and on-the-job employment. Group membership was a function of initial selection process — one group undertook detailed psychological profiling as part of their pre-employment testing, and the other group did not. The non-screened group was compared with the profiled (screened) group across a range of objective performance measures. The screened group consistently outperformed the non-screened group, with four of the differences statistically significant. Additionally, the screened group had a lower drop-out rate, and were less likely to make serious on-the-job errors resulting in formal action or investigation. The results suggest that a different quality of applicant is selected by the psychological profiling system, when compared with more traditional processes such as simple selection interviews. Implications for further research and development are also discussed." [Sub Required]
PDF - http://www.atypon-link.com/VAT/doi/pdf/10.1350/ijps.2006.8.2.143
Jonathan Lough ; Michael Ryan
"The current study expands upon the work of Lough and Ryan (2005). The performance of two groups of Tasmania Police employees (all of whom were constables or probationary constables) was evaluated after their first two years of training and on-the-job employment. Group membership was a function of initial selection process — one group undertook detailed psychological profiling as part of their pre-employment testing, and the other group did not. The non-screened group was compared with the profiled (screened) group across a range of objective performance measures. The screened group consistently outperformed the non-screened group, with four of the differences statistically significant. Additionally, the screened group had a lower drop-out rate, and were less likely to make serious on-the-job errors resulting in formal action or investigation. The results suggest that a different quality of applicant is selected by the psychological profiling system, when compared with more traditional processes such as simple selection interviews. Implications for further research and development are also discussed." [Sub Required]
Counter-Terrorism Policy and Human Rights: Prosecution and Pre-Charge Detention
Twenty-fourth Report of Session, 2005-06 / Joint Committee on Human Rights, 1 Aug 2006.
HL Paper 240, HC 1576
PDF - http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/jt200506/jtselect/jtrights/240/240.pdf
HL Paper 240, HC 1576
PDF - http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/jt200506/jtselect/jtrights/240/240.pdf
[USA] Federal judges have incoherent system of asylum review: report / Jurist PaperChase, 31 Jul 2006
http://digbig.com/4mfae
Jaime Jansen
"US federal judges grant and deny asylum to asylum seekers at a disparate rate in the United States, according a study [text] by the Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse (TRAC) [official website]. The report examined nearly 300,000 immigration cases from 1994-2005, and found that ten percent of immigration judges denied asylum in 86 percent of their cases, while another ten percent of immigration judges denied asylum in only 34 percent of their cases. In addition, the study showed distinct variations in asylum denials for different nationalities, reporting that more than 80 percent of asylum seekers from Haiti and El Salvador were denied asylum, but less than 30 percent of asylum seekers from Afghanistan and Myanmar were denied. A similar study [materials] by the United States Commission on International Religious Freedom [official website] last year found that more than 80 percent of Cubans and 60 percent of Iraqis were granted asylum, but again found that asylum seekers from Haiti and El Salvador fared significantly worse. In January, US Attorney General Alberto Gonzales called for a comprehensive review of the immigration courts [ABC News report], saying that some immigration judges were abusive and not respectful of persons appearing before them. The New York Times has more.[Brief]
Jaime Jansen
"US federal judges grant and deny asylum to asylum seekers at a disparate rate in the United States, according a study [text] by the Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse (TRAC) [official website]. The report examined nearly 300,000 immigration cases from 1994-2005, and found that ten percent of immigration judges denied asylum in 86 percent of their cases, while another ten percent of immigration judges denied asylum in only 34 percent of their cases. In addition, the study showed distinct variations in asylum denials for different nationalities, reporting that more than 80 percent of asylum seekers from Haiti and El Salvador were denied asylum, but less than 30 percent of asylum seekers from Afghanistan and Myanmar were denied. A similar study [materials] by the United States Commission on International Religious Freedom [official website] last year found that more than 80 percent of Cubans and 60 percent of Iraqis were granted asylum, but again found that asylum seekers from Haiti and El Salvador fared significantly worse. In January, US Attorney General Alberto Gonzales called for a comprehensive review of the immigration courts [ABC News report], saying that some immigration judges were abusive and not respectful of persons appearing before them. The New York Times has more.[Brief]
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)